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Metabolism of Histones of Brain and Liver

From the ¹ From the New York Psychiatric Institute and the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032

Turnover of whole histones of brain and liver nuclei was studied after administration of ¹⁴C-lysine to adult mice. The radioactivity of histones and other nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins was determined at intervals from 2 hours to 245 days. Two fractions of cerebral histones with halflifetimes of 54 and 104 days and three fractions of hepatic histones with half-lifetimes of 18, 56, and 93 days were found. A larger number of fractions with gradually increasing turnover rates are not excluded.

The histones of brain and liver turn over at a lower rate than any of the nuclear and cytoplasmic protein fractions measured in the respective organs.

In order to label histones with a very low rate of turnover, ¹⁴C-lysine was administered to pregnant mice and the turnover of histones was estimated in their offspring after reaching maturity. In the brain only a slow histone fraction with a half-lifetime of 117 days and in the liver two fractions with half-lifetimes of 58 and 105 days were observed.

Over a period from 2 to 8 months in the brain and from 5 to 8 months in the liver the decrease in the specific activity of histones was very small, corresponding to a replacement rate of about 0.6% per day. The turnover rates of histones may reflect division and replacement of various cellular species. The data suggest a metabolic stability of histones which corresponds to that of deoxyribonucleic acid.

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				T. J. Cicero and B. W. Moore Turnover of the Brain Specific Protein, S-100 Science, September 25, 1970; 169(3952): 1333 - 1334. [Abstract] [PDF]