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The Chemical Characterization and Enzymatic Synthesis of Mannolipids in Micrococcus lysodeikticus

From the ¹ From the Department of Physiological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205

The major glycolipid of Micrococcus lysodeikticus has been isolated in pure form and has been shown to have the structure of -d-mannosyl-(1 3)--d-mannosyl-(1 3)-diglyceride. The presence of two enzymes involved in glycolipid biosynthesis in M. lysodeikticus has been established. One of the enzymes is associated with the particulate cell fraction and catalyzes the formation of -d-mannosyl-(1 3)-diglyceride from guanosine diphosphate mannose and 1,2-diglyceride. The enzyme is specific for 1,2-diglyceride and manifests maximal activity on 1,2-diglycerides containing branched chain fatty acyl groups. The reaction is stimulated by Mg⁺⁺ ion and shows an absolute requirement for an anionic surface active agent. Although long chain alkyl surface-active agents and straight chain fatty acid salts stimulate the reaction, the most effective surface-active agents are the branched chain fatty acids common to M. lysodeikticus. A second enzyme present in the soluble cell fraction catalyzes the conversion of enzymatically prepared -d-mannosyl-(1 3)-diglyceride to -d-mannosyl-(1 3)--d-mannosyl-(1 3)-diglyceride.

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