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Aldosterone Synthesis by Adrenal Mitochondria

From the ¹ From the Department of Biochemistry, Geigy Research, Division of Geigy Chemical Corporation, Ardsley, New York 10502

The synthesis of aldosterone at an appreciable rate by cell-free preparations has been achieved through the use of homogenates of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) adrenal gland. Such homogenates synthesized aldosterone from corticosterone-1,2-³H at a rate of about 250 µg per g, wet weight, per hour. After centrifugal fractionation, aldosterone-synthesizing activity was present only in the mitochondria. Addition of the soluble fraction stimulated synthesis. Synthesis by the mitochondria required the presence of fumarate, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and Mg⁺⁺.

Homogenates of bovine adrenal cortex and rat adrenal glands contain an inhibitor of aldosterone synthesis. The presence of this inhibitor may explain the relatively low rate of aldosterone synthesis by such preparations.

Bullfrog adrenal homogenates also synthesized a substance with the chromatographic properties of 18-hydroxycorticosterone (11ß,18,21 - trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3, 20-dione) from corticosterone-1,2-³H at a high rate. This activity also was localized in the mitochondria.

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