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The Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Acetate

I. THE USE OF COBALT-METHYLCOBALAMIN AS A SOURCE OF METHYL GROUPS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF ACETATE BY CELL-FREE EXTRACTS OF CLOSTRIDIUM THERMOACETICUM

From the ¹ From the Laboratory of Biochemistry, Section on Enzymes, National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20014, and the Department of Microbiology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740

Cell-free extracts of Clostridium thermoaceticum have been shown to synthesize acetate, labeled in both carbon atoms, from ¹⁴CO₂. The extracts can also catalyze the conversion of the methyl group of Co-¹⁴CH₃-cobalamin into the methyl group of acetate. This conversion is dependent upon coenzyme A and pyruvate, and is sensitive to sulfhydryl poisons, especially arsenite and cadmium. An exchange between CO₂ and the carboxyl group of pyruvate is catalyzed by the extracts and is sensitive to iodoacetamide. Passage of the extracts over diethylaminoethyl cellulose resolves the system into two fractions which can be reactivated on recombination only by the further addition of ferredoxin.

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