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A Revised Structure for the Forssman Glycolipid Hapten

From the ¹ From the Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105

A glycolipid hapten of the Forssman antigen of horse spleen was found to be a ceramide pentasaccharide, which contained 2 moles of N-acetylgalactosamine, 2 moles of galactose, and 1 mole of glucose per ceramide. An -N-acetylgalactosaminidase of hog liver (Weissman, B., and Hinrichsen, D. F., Biochemistry, 8, 2034 (1969)) hydrolyzed the terminal -N-acetylgalactosaminosyl residue with a simultaneous loss of the Forssman hapten activity. The resulting compound was identical with globoside (Yamakawa, T., Nishimura, S., and Kamimura, H., Jap. J. Exp. Med., 35, 201 (1965); Hakomori, S., Siddiqui, B., Li, Y. T., Li, S. C., and Hellerqvist, C. G., J. Biol. Chem. 246, 2271 (1971)) and gave a specific precipitin reaction with anti-globoside antiserum. The oligosaccharide released from the Forssman hapten gave an intense Morgan-Elson reaction and 1 of the 2 moles of galactosamine was periodate resistant. With these results and those of methylation studies, the structure of Forssman hapten was proposed as N-acetylgalactosaminosyl--(1 3) N-acetylgalactosaminosyl-ß-(1 3)galactopyranosyl--(1 4)galactopyranosyl-ß-(1 4)glucopyranosyl-(1 1)ceramide.

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