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A Locus Determining ß-Galactosidase Activity in the Mouse

From the ¹ From the Department of Molecular Biology, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York 14203

A group of inbred mouse strains, typified by C3H/HeJ, have twice as much ß-galactosidase activity in their tissues as mice of a second group of strains represented by DBA/2J. In all organs tested, the higher activity in C3H/HeJ is expressed throughout development. The difference in activity is determined by a locus designated ß-galactosidase (Bgs) on chromosome 9. The alleles present in C3H/HeJ (Bgs^h) and in DBA/LiHa (Bgs^d) show additive inheritance.

Studies of pH optima, heat lability, intracellular location, and molecular weight of the ß-galactosidase activity in crude homogenates suggest that only a single enzyme component is present. Partially purified enzyme preparations from C3H/HeJ and DBA/2J were indistinguishable with respect to heat lability, K_m for p-nitrophenylgalactoside, and molecular weight. The presence of a single enzyme component, the absence of detectable structural differences, and the additive inheritance of Bgs alleles suggest that this locus may be either a structural gene duplication or a regulatory site controlling the transcription or translation of a closely linked ß-galactosidase structural gene.

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