JBC, Vol. 252, Issue 2, 471-478, Jan, 1977
Codon-acticodon recognition in the valine codon family
S. K. Mitra, F. Lustig, B. Akesson and U. Lagerkvist
An in vitro protein-synthesizing system completely dependent on added
valine tRNA (valyl-tRNAval) and programmed with RNA from the phage MS2 has
been used to investigate the incorporation into MS2 coat protein of valine
from isoaccepting valyl-tRNAsval with the anticodons U AC (U represents
5-oxyacetic acid uridine monophosphate), GAC, and IAC in response to the
four valine codons GUU, GUC, GUA, and GUG. By examining the incorporation
of valine into NH2-terminal and internal positions of three tryptic
peptides from the MS2 coat protein it has been established that these
anticodons each recognize all four valine codons. We therefore conclude
that under our conditions of in vitro protein synthesis the genetic code,
as far as the valine codons are concerned, is operationally a two letter
code, i.e. the third codon nucleotide has no absolute discriminating
function.
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