JBC, Vol. 252, Issue 8, 2580-2583, Apr, 1977
Solanum glaucophyllum as source of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
J. L. Napoli, L. E. Reeve, J. A. Eisman, H. K. Schnoes and H. F. DeLuca
Vitamin D-deficient rats given an aqueous extract of the South American
plant Solanum glaucophyllum accumulate 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in their
blood and intestines at the time they show enhanced intestinal calcium
absorption. The identity of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was established by
co-chromatography with 1,25-dihydroxy[23,24-3H]vitamin D3 on Sephadex LH-20
columns, microparticulate silica gel columns, a reversed-phase column
developed under high pressure, and by a specific 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
binding assay. The chromatographic systems used are fully capable of
resolving all of the known metabolites of vitamin D3. Serum of the S.
glaucophyllum-treated rats showed 300 pg/ml of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and
no detectable 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2. Similarly, intestine of such rats
had 230 pg/g of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Control animals which received
the vehicle instead of S. glaucophyllum had only 20 pg/ml of
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in their serum and 4.4 pg/g of
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 in their intestine. These results demonstrate that
S. glaucophyllum extracts must be a source of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3;
thus a significant basis for the calcinogenic properties of S.
glaucophyllum must be the presence of a conjugated form of
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, which is rendered available by digestion.
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