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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 255, Issue 19, 9044-9050, 10, 1980
JE Pessin and M Glaser
The origin of the envelope lipids acquired by Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and
vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) during budding from the plasma membrane of
chicken embryo fibroblasts was examined. Several differences were observed
between the lipid composition of RSV and the plasma membrane. When the
phospholipid composition of the cells was modified by growing them in the
presence of the choline analogues, N,N- dimethylethanolamine or
l-2-amino-1-butanol, the phospholipid composition of the virus was
subsequently altered but in a very different manner than the plasma
membrane. In the plasma membrane, the increase in the analogue-containing
phospholipid was at the expense of phosphatidylcholine and
phosphatidylethanolamine while the amount of sphingomyelin remained
constant. In RSV, however, there was a decrease in sphingomyelin and
phosphatidylethanolamine while there was only a small change in the amount
of phosphatidylcholine. Phospholipid polar head group modification did not
significantly alter the fatty acid composition or the cholesterol content.
Membranes of phagosomes isolated after the cells had ingested latex beads
had essentially the same phospholipid composition as the plasma membrane.
The phospholipid composition of VSV was different from RSV, but it also did
not reflect the composition of the plasma membrane. The composition of the
plasma membrane was intermediate between the viruses and the endoplasmic
reticulum, but contamination of the plasma membrane fraction with the
endoplasmic reticulum could not account for the observed differences. These
results show that the viruses bud from localized lipid regions that do not
reflect the average properties of the plasma membrane.
Budding of Rous sarcoma virus and vesicular stomatitis virus from localized lipid regions in the plasma membrane of chicken embryo fibroblasts
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