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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 258, Issue 15, 9262-9269, 08, 1983
JS Parks, DP Cistola, DM Small and JA Hamilton
The interactions of the carboxyl group of oleic acid with bovine serum
albumin (BSA) were studied by 13C NMR spectroscopy at 50.3 MHz using 90%
isotopically substituted [1-13C]oleic acid. 13C NMR spectra were obtained
as a function of the mole ratio of oleic acid to BSA (from 0.5- 10.0) and,
for selected mole ratios, as a function of pH (between pH 3.0 and 10.6) and
temperature (between 15 and 55 degrees C and thermally denatured at 95
degrees C). Except for spectra of highly acidic (pH less than or equal to
3.9) and denatured samples, spectra of oleic acid/BSA complexes showed
multiple narrow resonances from the oleic acid carboxyl carbon in a region
(179-184 ppm) downfield from protein carbonyl and carboxyl carbon
resonances. At low oleic acid/BSA ratios (0.5 and 1.0), at least two oleic
acid carboxyl carbon peaks were observed; at high ratios (greater than or
equal to 3.0), at least four peaks were present. The intensities of
individual peaks, but not their chemical shifts, varied with the oleic
acid/BSA ratio. The chemical shift of individual oleic acid peaks was
invariant between pH 6.0 and 10.6; below pH 6.0, one of the oleic acid
resonances exhibited an NMR titration curve with an apparent pKa of
approximately 4. Thus, BSA binding sites for oleic acid are heterogeneous
as monitored by the magnetic microenvironment of the oleic acid carboxyl
carbon. The number of different oleic acid environments and the relative
population of oleic acid molecules in these environments is dependent on
the mole ratio of oleic acid/BSA. Our results suggested that the anionic
form of oleic acid is bound to BSA at physiological pH and that the
multiplicity of NMR peaks for [1-13C]oleic acid resulted from, at least in
part, different electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions between the
oleic acid carboxyl group and specific amino acid residues of BSA.
Interactions of the carboxyl group of oleic acid with bovine serum albumin: a 13C NMR study
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