J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 258, Issue 17, 10355-10359, Sep, 1983
Decarboxylation of glycine by serine hydroxymethyltransferase in the presence of lipoic acid
LR Zieske and L Davis
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase and the glycine cleavage system are both
present in liver mitochondria and both bind glycine to form a pyridoxal
5'-phosphate carbanionic quinoid species. Lipoic acid has been shown to
have the ability to intercept the carbanionic intermediate formed from the
binary complex of serine hydroxymethyltransferase and glycine and form an
intermediate adduct which is ultimately processed to yield CO2 and a
methylamine adduct. Kinetic studies have shown that the lipoic
acid-dependent decarboxylation of glycine catalyzed by serine
hydroxymethyltransferase proceeds through a sequential mechanism. This
lipoic acid-dependent decarboxylation catalyzed by serine
hydroxymethyltransferase is similar to the initial reaction of the glycine
cleavage system and to the lipoic acid-dependent decarboxylation of glycine
by the P-protein alone suggesting that both enzymes could serve in lieu of
each other.