J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 259, Issue 23, 14383-14388, Dec, 1984

Actin and tropomyosin variants in smooth muscles. Dependence on tissue type

V Fatigati and RA Murphy

Actin was found to be the major source of myofibrillar protein heterogeneity in smooth muscles. Three isoelectric variants, alpha- smooth muscle (alpha-SM), beta-non-muscle (beta-NM), and gamma-actins (gamma-SM and gamma-NM) were measured in 15 different smooth muscles, alpha-SM and gamma-actin contents displayed an inverse relationship in a given smooth muscle, some of which contained primarily alpha-SM actin while gamma-actins dominated in others. alpha-SM actin and gamma-actin distributions were tissue-specific, independent of species. A greater proportion of alpha-SM actin appears to be associated with tissues having a high degree of tonic activity. beta-Nonmuscle actin was a significant, and relatively constant, component of all smooth muscle tissues. The high NM-actin content of these tissues may reflect the importance of proliferative, synthetic, or secretory activities in smooth muscle, because the alpha-SM actin disappeared in tissue culture with a time course paralleling the modulation of phenotype from a contractile to a proliferative cell. Two tropomyosin subunits were present in approximately equal amounts in all smooth muscle tissues studied. One tropomyosin subunit exhibited identical mobility on two- dimensional gel electrophoresis, while the other was characterized by some species-specific variation which was unrelated to actin variant distribution. No variants of the 20,000-dalton regulatory light chain of myosin were observed. These results suggest that SM-specific actin variants are associated with functional diversity among smooth muscles.
CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. de Frutos, R. Spangler, D. Alo, and L. V. G. Bosc NFATc3 Mediates Chronic Hypoxia-induced Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling with {alpha}-Actin Up-regulation J. Biol. Chem., May 18, 2007; 282(20): 15081 - 15089. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Vrhovski, K. McKay, G. Schevzov, P. W. Gunning, and R. P. Weinberger Smooth Muscle-specific {alpha} Tropomyosin Is a Marker of Fully Differentiated Smooth Muscle in Lung J. Histochem. Cytochem., July 1, 2005; 53(7): 875 - 883. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C H Knowles, D B A Silk, A Darzi, B Veress, R Feakins, A H Raimundo, T Crompton, E C Browning, G Lindberg, and J E Martin Deranged smooth muscle {alpha}-actin as a biomarker of intestinal pseudo-obstruction: a controlled multinational case series Gut, November 1, 2004; 53(11): 1583 - 1589. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. K. Owens, M. S. Kumar, and B. R. Wamhoff Molecular Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation in Development and Disease Physiol Rev, July 1, 2004; 84(3): 767 - 801. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Kaplan-Albuquerque, C. Garat, C. Desseva, P. L. Jones, and R. A. Nemenoff Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB-mediated Activation of Akt Suppresses Smooth Muscle-specific Gene Expression through Inhibition of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase and Redistribution of Serum Response Factor J. Biol. Chem., October 10, 2003; 278(41): 39830 - 39838. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. A. Conley Leiomodin and tropomodulin in smooth muscle Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, June 1, 2001; 280(6): C1645 - C1656. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. P. Mack, M. M. Thompson, S. Lawrenz-Smith, and G. K. Owens Smooth Muscle {alpha}-Actin CArG Elements Coordinate Formation of a Smooth Muscle Cell-Selective, Serum Response Factor-Containing Activation Complex Circ. Res., February 4, 2000; 86(2): 221 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Jung, A. D. Johnson, M. S. Kumar, B. Wei, M. Hautmann, G. K. Owens, and C. McNamara Characterization of an E-box-Dependent cis Element in the Smooth Muscle {alpha}-Actin Promoter Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., November 1, 1999; 19(11): 2591 - 2599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. P. Mack and G. K. Owens Regulation of Smooth Muscle {alpha}-Actin Expression In Vivo Is Dependent on CArG Elements Within the 5' and First Intron Promoter Regions Circ. Res., April 16, 1999; 84(7): 852 - 861. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Davis and M. A. Hill Signaling Mechanisms Underlying the Vascular Myogenic Response Physiol Rev, April 1, 1999; 79(2): 387 - 423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. T. Szymanski, T. K. Chacko, A. S. Rovner, and R. K. Goyal Differences in contractile protein content and isoforms in phasic and tonic smooth muscles Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, September 1, 1998; 275(3): C684 - C692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. E. Hungerford, J. P. Hoeffler, C. W. Bowers, L. M. Dahm, R. Falchetto, J. Shabanowitz, D. F. Hunt, and C. D. Little Identification of a Novel Marker for Primordial Smooth Muscle and Its Differential Expression Pattern in Contractile vs Noncontractile Cells J. Cell Biol., May 19, 1997; 137(4): 925 - 937. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Slomp, A. C. Gittenberger-de Groot, M. A. Glukhova, J. C. van Munsteren, M. M. Kockx, S. M. Schwartz, and V. E. Koteliansky Differentiation, Dedifferentiation, and Apoptosis of Smooth Muscle Cells During the Development of the Human Ductus Arteriosus Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., May 1, 1997; 17(5): 1003 - 1009. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. S. Blank, E. A. Swartz, M. M. Thompson, E. N. Olson, and G. K. Owens A Retinoic Acid–Induced Clonal Cell Line Derived From Multipotential P19 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells Expresses Smooth Muscle Characteristics Circ. Res., May 1, 1995; 76(5): 742 - 749. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. T. Szymanski, G. Szymanska, and R. K. Goyal Differences in calmodulin and calmodulin-binding proteins in phasic and tonic smooth muscles Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, January 1, 2002; 282(1): C94 - C104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]