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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 259, Issue 4, 2043-2046, Feb, 1984

Transamination of 3-phenylpyruvate in pancreatic B-cell mitochondria

S Lenzen, I Rustenbeck and U Panten

High aminotransferase activities catalyzing the reaction between L- glutamate and the aromatic ketomonocarboxylic acid, 3-phenylpyruvate, were observed in the mitochondria from pancreatic B-cells. At very low concentrations of 3-phenylpyruvate, L-glutamine was an effective amino group donor. The aminotransferase activities for the aliphatic ketomonocarboxylic acids, pyruvate and 2-ketoisovalerate, were lower in B-cell mitochondria. High rates of transamination of 2-ketoisocaproate with L-glutamine were observed and may be an important prerequisite for the insulin secretory potency of this 2-keto acid. Since B-cell mitochondria are well supplied with L-glutamine and L-glutamate, 3- phenylpyruvate-induced 2-ketoglutarate production may explain the insulin secretory potency of 3-phenylpyruvate which is not a fuel for pancreatic islet cells.
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