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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 260, Issue 30, 16187-16191, Dec, 1985
JA Hsia, SC Tsai, R Adamik, DA Yost, EL Hewlett and J Moss
Hydroxylamine stability has been used to classify (ADP-ribose)protein bonds
into sensitive and resistant linkages, with the former representing
(ADP-ribose)glutamate, and the latter, (ADP- ribose)arginine. Recently, it
was shown that cysteine also serves as an ADP-ribose acceptor. The
hydroxylamine stability of [cysteine([32P]ADP- ribose)]protein and
[arginine([32P] ADP-ribose)]protein bonds was compared. In transducin,
pertussis toxin catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of a cysteine residue,
whereas choleragen (cholera toxin) modifies an arginine moiety. The
(ADP-ribose)cysteine bond formed by pertussis toxin was more stable to
hydroxylamine than was the (ADP- ribose)arginine bond formed by choleragen.
The (ADP-ribose)cysteine bond apparently represents a third class of
ADP-ribose bonds. Pertussis toxin ADP-ribosylates the inhibitory guanyl
nucleotide-binding regulatory protein (Gi) of adenylate cyclase, whereas
choleragen modifies the stimulatory guanyl nucleotide-binding regulatory
protein (Gs). These (ADP-ribose)protein linkages are identical in stability
to those formed in transducin by the two toxins, consistent with the
probability that cysteine and arginine are modified in Gi and Gs,
respectively. Bonds exhibiting differences in hydroxylamine-stability were
found in membranes from various non-intoxicated mammalian cells following
incubation with [32P]NAD, which may reflect the presence of endogenous
NAD:protein-ADP-ribosyl-transferases.
Amino acid-specific ADP-ribosylation. Sensitivity to hydroxylamine of [cysteine(ADP-ribose)]protein and [arginine(ADP-ribose)]protein linkages
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