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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 262, Issue 19, 9412-9420, 07, 1987
RM Johnstone, M Adam, JR Hammond, L Orr and C Turbide
Vesicles are released during the in vitro culture of sheep reticulocytes
which can be harvested by centrifugation at 100,000 X g for 90 min. These
vesicles contain a number of activities, characteristic of the reticulocyte
plasma membrane, which are known to diminish or disappear upon reticulocyte
maturation. The activities include acetylcholinesterase, cytochalasin B
binding (glucose transporter) nucleoside binding (i.e. nucleoside
transporter), Na+- independent amino acid transport, and the transferrin
receptor. Enzymes of cytosolic origin are not detectable or are present at
low activity in the vesicles. Cultures of whole blood, mature red cells, or
white cells do not yield comparable levels of these activities, supporting
the conclusion that the activities arise from the reticulocytes. In
addition, the lipid composition of the vesicles shows the high
sphingomyelin content characteristic of sheep red cell plasma membranes,
but not white cell or platelet membranes, also consistent with the
conclusion that the vesicles are of reticulocyte origin. It is suggested
that vesicle externalization may be a mechanism for shedding of specific
membrane functions which are known to diminish during maturation of
reticulocytes to erythrocytes.
Vesicle formation during reticulocyte maturation. Association of plasma membrane activities with released vesicles (exosomes)
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