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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 262, Issue 23, 10971-10979, Aug, 1987
DP Cistola, DM Small and JA Hamilton
13C NMR chemical shift and intensity results for a series of carboxyl
13C-enriched saturated fatty acids (8-18 carbons) bound to bovine serum
albumin (BSA) are presented as a function of increasing fatty acid (FA)/BSA
mole ratio. Spectra for long-chain (greater than or equal to 12 carbons) FA
X BSA complexes exhibited up to five FA carboxyl resonances, designated a,
b, b', c, and d. Only three resonances (peaks b, b', and d) were observed
below 3:1 FA X BSA mole ratio, and at greater than or equal to 3:1 mole
ratio, two additional resonances were observed (peaks c and a). In a
spectrum of 5:1 stearic acid X BSA complexes, peaks b, b', and d each
represented approximately one-fifth, and peak c approximately two-fifths,
of the total FA carboxyl intensity. Plots of total carboxyl/carbonyl
intensity ratio as a function of FA X BSA mole ratio were linear up to 7-9
mole ratio. Deviation from linearity at mole ratios greater than or equal
to 7 was accompanied by the detection of crystalline unbound FA (as 1:1
acid/soap) by X-ray diffraction. In contrast to long-chain FA X BSA
complexes, 13C NMR spectra of octanoic acid X BSA complexes yielded only
one FA carboxyl resonance (peak c) at FA X BSA mole ratios between 1 and
20. We conclude: peaks b, b', and d represent FA bound to three individual
high affinity (primary) long-chain FA binding sites on BSA; peak c
represents FA bound to several secondary long-chain (or primary
short-chain) FA binding sites on BSA; peak a represents long-chain FA bound
to an additional lower affinity binding site. We present a model that
correlates the observed 13C NMR resonances with individual binding site
locations predicted by a recent three-dimensional model of BSA.
Carbon 13 NMR studies of saturated fatty acids bound to bovine serum albumin. I. The filling of individual fatty acid binding sites
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