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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 263, Issue 1, 52-57, 01, 1988
B Chatton, P Walter, JP Ebel, F Lacroute and F Fasiolo
S1 mapping on the VAS1 structural gene indicates the existence of two
classes of transcripts initiating at distinct in-frame translation start
codons. The longer class of VAS1 transcripts initiates upstream of both ATG
codons located 138 base pairs away and the shorter class downstream of the
first ATG. A mutation that destroys the first AUG on the long message
results in respiratory deficiency but does not affect viability. Mutation
of the ATG at position 139 leads to lethality because the initiating
methionine codon of the essential cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase has
been destroyed. N-terminal protein sequence data further confirm
translation initiation at ATG-139 for the cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA
synthetase. From these results, we conclude that the VAS1 single gene
encodes both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic valyl- tRNA synthetases. The
presequence of the mitochondrial valyl-tRNA synthetase shows amino acid
composition but not the amphiphilic character of imported mitochondrial
proteins. From mutagenesis of the ATG-139 we conclude that the presequence
specifically targets the cytoplasmically synthesized mitochondrial
valyl-tRNA synthetase to the mitochondrial outer membrane and prevents
binding of the enzyme core to cytoplasmic tRNAVal.
The yeast VAS1 gene encodes both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic valyl- tRNA synthetases
Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Strasbourg, France.
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