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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 265, Issue 36, 22197-22203, 12, 1990
A Iwaki, T Iwaki, JE Goldman and RK Liem
Two major classes of mRNAs for the alpha-crystallin B chain (or
alpha(B)crystallin), about 0.9 and 1.2 kilobases in length, are expressed
in rat brain. To examine the structures of these mRNAs, we isolated cDNA
clones from rat brain and genomic DNA from rat liver. Characterization of
these clones as well as Northern blot analysis indicated that the various
mRNAs differed in the lengths of their 5' leader sequences. RNase
protection assays revealed that the gene for alpha-crystallin B chain
contains multiple start sites. The transcriptional start sites of the
longer mRNAs are preceded by a putative CAAT box and that of the shorter
mRNA by a putative TATA box. The shorter mRNA encodes the alpha-crystallin
B chain protein, whereas the longer mRNA contained three extra small open
reading frames upstream of the AUG start codon for the protein. The shorter
mRNA is abundant in lens, heart, muscle, and kidney, while the longer mRNAs
are constitutively expressed at low levels in a wide variety of tissues.
The shorter mRNA was increased by treatment with phorbol 12-myristate
13-acetate in rat C6 glioma cells. Since there is only a single copy of the
alpha-crystallin B chain gene, our results indicate that the two classes of
mRNAs are generated by alternative transcriptional initiation from
different promoters and their expressions are regulated differentially.
Multiple mRNAs of rat brain alpha-crystallin B chain result from alternative transcriptional initiation
Department of Pathology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
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