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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 266, Issue 12, 7848-7859, 04, 1991
AR Brooks, BD Blackhart, K Haubold and B Levy-Wilson
We report the identification and characterization of tissue-specific
transcriptional enhancer elements that influence the expression of the
human apolipoprotein B gene. A 704-base pair PstI fragment comprising
sequences from the first and second introns of the human apolipoprotein B
gene (positions +360 to +1064) possesses tissue-specific transcriptional
enhancer elements when assayed in transient transfection experiments using
either the apolipoprotein B or thymidine kinase promoter. The majority of
the enhancer activity, which was observed in transcriptionally active HepG2
and CaCo-2 cells, but not in transcriptionally inactive Chinese hamster
ovary or HeLa cells, was subsequently localized to a 443-base pair
SmaI-PvuII fragment (positions +621 to +1064) within the second intron of
the apolipoprotein B gene. Gel retention experiments demonstrated that
sequence motifs within this region interact with a number of nuclear
proteins from HepG2, CaCo-2, and HeLa cells. The actual sequence elements
that bound to nuclear proteins from HepG2 cells were identified by DNase I
footprinting. Deletion experiments were performed to distinguish those
protein-binding regions involved in the enhancer effect. Our data
demonstrate that sequences between positions +806 and +940 are essential
for this enhancer activity. This segment contains one large 97-base pair
footprint, whose sequence has been conserved between the human and mouse
genes. Binding sites for the liver-specific transcription factors HNF-1 and
HNF-3 are present within this footprint.
Characterization of tissue-specific enhancer elements in the second intron of the human apolipoprotein B gene
Gladstone Foundation Laboratories for Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute, San Francisco, California 94140-0608.
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