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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 266, Issue 13, 8225-8229, May, 1991

Reduction of the active-site iron by potent inhibitors of lipoxygenases

MJ Nelson, DG Batt, JS Thompson and SW Wright
Central Research and Development Department and Medical Products Department, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware 19880- 0328.

Lipoxygenases are non-heme iron dioxygenases that catalyze the oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Using soybean lipoxygenase- 1 as a model, we have shown that two classes of lipoxygenase inhibitors currently in development as potential antiinflammatory agents obtain a significant amount of their potency by reducing the lipoxygenase active- site iron from the active ferric state to the inactive ferrous state. It is not surprising that the members of the first of these classes, the 2-benzyl-1-naphthols, are reducing agents. The members of the second class, the N-alkyl-hydroxamic acids, were not anticipated to be sufficiently strong reducing agents to be oxidized by the lipoxygenase ferric center; that they are provides additional evidence for that iron having a high reduction potential. This brings to (at least) five the number of classes of lipoxygenase inhibitors that are capable of reducing the active-site ferric ion and suggests the generality of this approach in the rational design of lipoxygenase inhibitors.
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