J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 267, Issue 33, 23789-23796, 11, 1992
Casein kinase II phosphorylation of signal sequence receptor alpha and the associated membrane chaperone calnexin
WJ Ou, DY Thomas, AW Bell and JJ Bergeron
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Signal sequence receptor alpha (SSR alpha) and calnexin are major
calcium-binding proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) which are
implicated in chaperone functions. They were identified as major membrane
substrates after in vitro phosphorylation of ER membranes with
[gamma-32P]GTP (Wada, I., Rindress, D., Cameron, P. H., Ou, W. J., Doherty,
J.-J., II, Louvard, D., Bell, A. W., Dignard, D., Thomas, D. Y., and
Bergeron, J. J. M. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 19599-19610). Using purified
SSR alpha and associated calnexin as substrates, we have attempted to
identify the kinase(s) responsible for their phosphorylation. A salt
extract from canine pancreatic ER membranes and cytosol possessed SSR alpha
kinase activity which showed identical chromatographic behavior through
phosphocellulose, DEAE-Sepharose, and hydroxylapatite purification
protocols. Final purification was effected from the cytosol with three
polypeptides of 38, 36, and 28 kDa detected by sodium dodecyl
sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. On the basis of primary
sequence analysis of the three subunits of the purified kinase and the
reconstitution of phosphorylation of SSR alpha and associated calnexin in
heat-inactivated ER membranes by the addition of the purified kinase we
conclude that the ER-associated kinase responsible for the GTP
phosphorylation of SSR alpha and associated calnexin is casein kinase II.