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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 268, Issue 2, 961-967, 01, 1993
R Hirata, N Umemoto, MN Ho, Y Ohya, TH Stevens and Y Anraku
vma12 mutants of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which were originally
identified as calcium-sensitive (cls) mutants that were also respiratory
deficient (Pet-), have a defect in vacuolar membrane H(+)- ATPase activity
(Ohya, Y., Umemoto, N., Tanida, I., Ohta, A., Iida, H., and Anraku, Y.
(1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 13971-13977). The VMA12 gene was cloned by
complementation of the growth defects of vma12 mutants. The nucleotide
sequence of the gene predicts a polypeptide of 215 amino acids (25.2 kDa)
with two putative membrane-spanning domains. A null vma12 mutant,
constructed by chromosomal deletion of the gene, is viable but has
completely lost the vacuolar membrane H(+)-ATPase activity and exhibits the
same growth defects as observed for the original vma12 mutants. Synthesis
and targeting of the subunits of the H(+)-ATPase in the delta vma12 mutant
cells were examined by Western blotting analyses of whole cell and vacuolar
membrane protein extracts. None of the peripheral membrane subunits that we
analyzed (the 69-, 60- , 42-, and 27-kDa subunits) was detected in the
vacuolar membrane fractions, although the cellular levels of these
polypeptides appeared to be normal. The 100- and 17-kDa integral membrane
subunits of the enzyme were absent or present at a substantially reduced
level in mutant vacuolar membrane fractions. Anti-Vma12p antibodies
recognized a vacuolar protein with the expected molecular mass of 25 kDa.
However, the Vma12 protein was not detected in the vacuolar membrane ATPase
complex that had been solubilized with a zwitterionic detergent, ZW3- 14,
and purified by glycerol gradient centrifugation (Kane, P. M., Yamashiro,
C. T., and Stevens, T. H. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 19236- 19244). These
results indicate that the VMA12 gene product is not a component of the
active vacuolar ATPase complex and instead suggest that this protein is
required during the process of assembly and/or targeting of the enzyme
complex to the vacuolar membrane.
VMA12 is essential for assembly of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase subunits onto the vacuolar membrane in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.
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