J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 268, Issue 35, 26150-26154, Dec, 1993
Studies on the inhibitory action of mercury upon proteinase K
A Muller and W Saenger
Institut fur Kristallographie, Freie Universitat Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.
In proteinase K, Cys73 is located "below" the imidazole of the active site
His69. In a 2.4-A resolution x-ray crystal structure of the complex formed
between the enzyme and HgAc2, two Hg(II) positions are found: a fully
occupied site, covalently bound to Cys73 (S gamma), which disrupts the
catalytic triad (Asp39-His69-Ser224), and a 2-fold disordered (25 and 35%
occupancy), noncovalent complexation to His72, Cys73, and Thr76 of lower
affinity. The enzyme is inhibited noncompetitively at low concentrations
and competitively above stoichiometric concentrations of Hg(II), but it
retains 7% residual activity. This can be rationalized if the molecule is
flexible enough to permit transient formation of the catalytic triad.
Except for the active site, only minor structural changes are observed upon
binding of Hg(II), but the thermal stability is reduced by 4 degrees C.