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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 268, Issue 5, 3739-3746, Feb, 1993

Epidermal growth factor-mediated signaling of G(i)-protein to activation of phospholipases in rat-cultured hepatocytes

L Yang, AM Camoratto, G Baffy, S Raj, DR Manning and JR Williamson
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.

Hepatocytes were established in tissue culture in order to study the effects of pertussis toxin (PT) on epidermal growth factor (EGF)- mediated cellular responses under in vitro conditions. EGF caused a 3- fold increase of myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins-1,4,5-P3) mass and a 50% increase of diacylglycerol mass within the first minute, with the change of diacylglycerol content being 100-fold greater than that of Ins-1,4,5-P3. Diacylglycerol, but not Ins-1,4,5-P3, continued to accumulate over several hours, indicating that EGF increased the hydrolysis of lipids other than phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). EGF increased phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) tyrosine phosphorylation within 1 min, but no effect was observed with vasopressin, insulin, or glucagon after 5 min. EGF also caused a rapid, tyrosine kinase-dependent association of G(i) alpha with PLC-gamma, which was maximal within 10 min. In contrast to our previous data on fresh hepatocytes, PT had no effect on the EGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma, although Ins-1,4,5-P3 and diacylglycerol production were inhibited. The role of G-proteins in EGF signaling was investigated further by microinjection of G alpha antibodies into single fura-2-loaded hepatocytes. Anti-G(i) alpha (common) antibodies prevented EGF-induced but not vasopressin-induced Ca2+ transients. These results strengthen previous observations that a PT-sensitive G-protein is involved in EGF-mediated phospholipid metabolism in hepatocytes and show that tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC- gamma is an insufficient signal for activation of PIP2 hydrolysis.
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