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J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 269, Issue 4, 2377-2379, Jan, 1994
AP Kloek, J Yang, FS Mathews, C Frieden and DE Goldberg
The parasitic nematode Ascaris suum has a gene encoding a two-domain
hemoglobin with remarkable oxygen avidity. The strong interaction with
oxygen is a consequence of a particularly slow oxygen off-rate. The single
polypeptide chain consists of two domains, each of which can be expressed
separately in Escherichia coli as a globin-like protein exhibiting oxygen
binding characteristics comparable with the native molecule. Site-directed
mutagenesis was performed on the gene segment encoding domain one. The E7
position, involved in forming a hydrogen bond with the liganded oxygen in
vertebrate globins, is a glutamine in both Ascaris domains. Conversion of
this residue to leucine or alanine produced a hemoglobin variant with an
oxygen off-rate 5- or 60-fold faster than that of unaltered domain one.
Replacement of the tyrosine B10 with either phenylalanine or leucine (as
found in vertebrate globins) yielded hemoglobin mutants with oxygen
off-rates 280- or 570- fold faster, approaching rates found with vertebrate
myoglobins. The data suggest that the distal glutamine hydrogen bonds with
the liganded oxygen and that the tyrosine B10 hydroxyl contributes an
additional hydrogen bond that appears substantially responsible for the
extreme oxygen avidity of Ascaris hemoglobin.
The tyrosine B10 hydroxyl is crucial for oxygen avidity of Ascaris hemoglobin
Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
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