ABSTRACT

We demonstrate that purified fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 3 from Xenopus laevis (XFGF3) activates the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and induces DNA synthesis in quiescent cells. To characterize the high affinity cell surface receptors that mediate these responses, the ligand binding domains of different FGF receptors (FGFR) were expressed on COS-1 cells, and their affinity for XFGF3 was determined. Unlabeled XFGF3 efficiently competed with I-FGF1 for binding to the IIIb and IIIc isoforms of FGFR2, giving 50% displacement (ID) at 0.3-0.8 nM. Higher XFGF3 concentrations were needed to displace I-FGF1 from FGFR3 and FGFR1 (ID 4 and 21 nM, respectively), indicating that XFGF3 has a lower affinity for these receptors. No association of XFGF3 with FGFR4 was found using this assay. FGFR2 isoforms isolated from both mouse and Xenopus showed similar high affinity binding of XFGF3 as determined by direct binding assays (K values in the range of 0.2-0.6 nM). These results indicate that the binding specificity of XFGF3 is different from that of other FGFs, and identifies FGFR2 as its high affinity receptor.

FOOTNOTES

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§

To whom correspondence should be addressed: Viral Carcinogenesis Laboratory, P.O. Box 123, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK. Tel: 44-71-269-3336; Fax: 44-71-269-3094.

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The abbreviations used are: FGF, fibroblast growth factor; FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor; XFGF, fibroblast growth factor from Xenopus laevis; MAP, mitogen-activated protein; DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; RT, reverse transcription; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PMSF, polymethylsulfonyl fluoride; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

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M. Mathieu, P. Kiefer, I. Marics, and C. Dickson, unpublished observations.

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