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An infectious, in vitro transcript from a full-length
cDNA clone of the barley yellow dwarf virus (PAV serotype) genome
translated efficiently in a wheat germ translation extract. Deletions
in a region that we call the 3` translational enhancer, located between
bases 4,513 and 5,009 in the 5,677-base genome, reduced translation of
the 5`-proximal open reading frames from uncapped RNA by at least
30-fold. Deletions elsewhere in all but the 5` end of the genome had no
effect on translation. Presence of a m
Volume 270,
Number 22,
Issue of June 2, pp. 13446-13452, 1995
©1995 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
G(5`)ppp(5`)G cap on
the 5` end fully restored translational efficiency of transcripts
lacking the 3` translational enhancer. The translation enhancer reduced
inhibition of translation by free cap analog, did not affect RNA
stability, and did not function in reticulocyte lysates. When placed in
the 3`-untranslated region of uncapped mRNA encoding the
-glucuronidase gene, the translation enhancer stimulated
translation more than 80-fold, in the presence of the viral, but not a
plasmid-derived, 5` leader. A polyadenylate tail could not substitute
for the 3` translation enhancer. These observations provide an extreme
example, in terms of distance from the 5` end and level of stimulation,
of an mRNA in which a sequence near the 3` end stimulates translation.
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