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Expression of the gene encoding the mitochondrial fatty acid
Volume 270,
Number 27,
Issue of July 07, pp. 16308-16314, 1995
©1995 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
-oxidation enzyme, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), is
regulated among tissues during development and in response to
alterations in substrate availability. To identify and characterize
cis-acting MCAD gene promoter regulatory elements and corresponding
transcription factors, DNA-protein binding studies and mammalian cell
transfection analyses were performed with human MCAD gene promoter
fragments. DNA:protein binding studies with nuclear protein extracts
prepared from hepatoma G2 cells, 3T3 fibroblasts, or Y-1 adrenal tumor
cells identified three sequences (nuclear receptor response element 1
or NRRE-1, NRRE-2, and NRRE-3) that bind orphan members of the
steroid/thyroid nuclear receptor superfamily including chicken
ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor and steroidogenic
factor 1. Sp1 binding sites (A-C) were identified in close
proximity to each of the NRREs. NRRE-3 conferred cell line-specific
transcriptional repression by interacting with chicken ovalbumin
upstream promoter transcription factor or activation via steroidogenic
factor 1. In contrast, the Sp1 binding site A behaved as a
transcriptional activator in all cell lines examined. We propose that
multiple nuclear receptor transcription factors interact with MCAD gene
promoter elements to differentially regulate transcription among a
variety of cell types.
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