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Volume 270, Number 29, Issue of July 21, pp. 17627-17632, 1995
©1995 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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(Received for publication, January 23, 1995; and in revised form, March 28, 1995)

From the  (1)Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and the (2)Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543

The 3`:5`-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CNP) of Vibrio fischeri, due to its unusual location in the periplasm, allows this symbiotic bacterium to utilize extracellular 3`:5`-cyclic nucleotides (e.g. cAMP) as sole sources of carbon and energy, nitrogen, and phosphorus for growth. The enzyme was purified to apparent homogeneity by a four-step procedure: chloroform shock, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and chromotography on DEAE-Sephacel and Cibacron Blue 3GA-agarose. The active enzyme consists of a single polypeptide with a mass of 34 kDa. At 25 °C, it has a pH optimum of 8.25, a K for cAMP of 73 µm, and a V of 3700 µmol of cAMP hydrolyzed/min/mg protein (turnover number of 1.24 10/min). The specific activity of the V. fischeri enzyme is approximately 20-fold greater than that of any previously characterized CNP when comparisons of activity are made at the same assay temperature. Activity increases with temperature up to 60 °C. The CNP contains 2 atoms of zinc/monomer, and zinc, copper, magnesium, and calcium can restore activity of the apoenzyme to varying degrees. The exceptional specific activity of the enzyme and its unusual location in the periplasm support proposals that the enzyme enables the bacterium to scavenge 3`:5`-cyclic nucleotides in seawater and that the enzyme plays a role in cAMP-mediated host-symbiont interactions.

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