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(Received for publication, August
30, 1994; and in revised form, October 20, 1994) Low stringency screening of a cDNA library from hamster liver
yielded a cDNA encoding MCT2, a monocarboxylate transporter that is 60%
identical to hamster MCT1, the first monocarboxylate transporter to be
isolated. The functional properties of the two MCTs were compared by
expression in Sf9 insect cells using recombinant baculovirus vectors.
Like MCT1, MCT2 transported pyruvate and lactate. The two transporters
were sensitive to inhibition by phloretin and by
Volume 270,
Number 4,
Issue of January 27, 1995 pp. 1843-1849
©1995 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate. MCT1, but not MCT2, was sensitive to
organomercurial thiol reagents such as p-chloromercuribenzoic
acid. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence studies revealed a
strikingly different tissue distribution of the two MCTs. MCT1 was
present in erythrocytes and on the basolateral surfaces of intestinal
epithelial cells. MCT2 was not detectable in these tissues, but it was
abundant on the surface of hepatocytes. In the stomach, MCT1 was
present on the basolateral surfaces of epithelial cells; in contrast,
MCT2 was expressed on parietal cells of the oxyntic gland. In the
kidney, MCT1 was present on the basolateral surfaces of epithelial
cells in proximal tubules, whereas MCT2 was restricted to the
collecting ducts. MCT1 was expressed on sperm heads in the testis and
proximal epididymis. In the distal epididymis, it disappeared from
sperm and appeared on the microvillar surface of the lining epithelium.
In contrast, MCT2 was present on sperm tails throughout the epididymis
and not on the epithelium. Both transporters were expressed in
mitochondria-rich (oxidative) skeletal muscle fibers and cardiac
myocytes. These findings suggest that MCT1 and MCT2 are adapted to play
different roles in monocarboxylate transport in different cells of the
body.
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