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(Received for publication, January 19, 1996; and in revised form, February 25, 1996) The Escherichia coli UmuD` and UmuC proteins play
essential roles in SOS-induced mutagenesis. Previous studies
investigating the molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis have been
hindered by the lack of availability of a soluble UmuC protein. We
report the extensive purification of a soluble UmuD`C complex and its
interactions with DNA. The molecular mass of the complex is estimated
to be 70 kDa, suggesting that the complex consists of one UmuC (46 kDa)
and two UmuD` (12 kDa) molecules. In contrast to its inability to bind
to double-stranded DNA, UmuD`C binds cooperatively to single-stranded
DNA as measured by agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed by
steady-state fluorescence depolarization. A Hill coefficient, n = 3, characterizes the binding of UmuD`C to M13 DNA and to
a 600 nucleotide DNA oligomer, suggesting that at least three protein
complexes may interact cooperatively when binding to DNA. The apparent
equilibrium binding constant of UmuD`C to single-stranded DNA is
approximately 300 nM. Binding of the complex to a short, 80
nucleotide, DNA oligonucleotide was detectable by fluorescence
depolarization, but it did not appear to be cooperative. Binding of
UmuD`C to single-stranded M13 DNA causes an acceleration of the
protein-DNA complex, suggesting that the longer DNA may undergo
compaction. The UmuD`C complex associates with RecA-coated DNA, and the
UmuD`C complex remains bound to DNA in the presence of RecA.
Volume 271,
Number 18,
Issue of May 3, 1996 pp. 10767-10774
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
COOPERATIVE BINDING OF UmuD`C TO SINGLE-STRANDED DNA
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