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Volume 271,
Number 2,
Issue of January 12, 1996 pp. 1200-1208
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Overexpression
of Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein in the Pancreatic Islets of
Transgenic Mice Causes Islet Hyperplasia, Hyperinsulinemia, and
Hypoglycemia
(Received for publication, October 5, 1995)
Rupangi
C.
Vasavada
, ,
Christi
Cavaliere
, ,
A. Joseph
D'Ercole
,
Pamela
Dann
,
William
J.
Burtis
, ,
Alex L.
Madlener
,
Kathleen
Zawalich
,
Walter
Zawalich
,
William
Philbrick
,
Andrew F.
Stewart
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is produced by the
pancreatic islet. It also has receptors on islet cells, suggesting that
it may serve a paracrine or autocrine role within the islet. We have
developed transgenic mice, which overexpress PTHrP in the islet through
the use of the rat insulin II promoter (RIP). Glucose homeostasis in
these mice is markedly abnormal; RIP-PTHrP mice are hypoglycemic in the
post-prandial and fasting states and display inappropriate
hyperinsulinemia. At the end of a 24-hour fast, blood glucose values
are 49 mg/dl in RIP-PTHrP mice, as compared to 77 mg/dl in normal
littermates; insulin concentrations at this time are 6.3 and 3.9 ng/ml,
respectively. Islet perifusion studies failed to demonstrate
abnormalities in insulin secretion. In contrast, quantitative islet
histomorphometry demonstrates that the total islet number and total
islet mass are 2-fold higher in RIP-PTHrP mice than in their normal
littermates. PTHrP very likely plays a normal physiologic role
within the pancreatic islet. This role is most likely paracrine or
autocrine. PTHrP appears to regulate insulin secretion either directly
or indirectly, through developmental or growth effects on islet mass.
PTHrP may have a role as an agent that enhances islet mass and/or
enhances insulin secretion.

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Copyright © 1996 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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