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Volume 271, Number 27, Issue of July 5, 1996 pp. 15891-15897
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Aging-dependent Functional Alterations of Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from Human Fibroblasts Transferred into mtDNA-less Cells

(Received for publication, January 16, 1996, and in revised form, April 7, 1996)

Kenneth A. Laderman , James R. Penny , Franca Mazzucchelli ^§ , Nereo Bresolin ^§ , Guglielmo Scarlato ^§ and Giuseppe Attardi

From the  Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 and the ^§ Centro Dino Ferrari, Institute of Clinical Neurology, University of Milan, IRCCS, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy

To investigate the role that aging-dependent accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations plays in the senescence processes, mitochondria from fibroblasts of 21 normal human individuals between 20 weeks (fetal) and 103 years of age were introduced into human mtDNA-less (^o) 206 cells by cytoplast × ^o cell fusion, and 7-31 transformant clones were isolated from each fusion. A slight cell donor age-dependent decrease in growth rate was detected in the transformants. Using an O₂ consumption rate of 1 fmol/min/cell, which was not observed in any transformant among 158 derived from individuals 20 weeks (fetal) to 37 years of age, as a cut-off to identify respiratory-deficient clones, 11 such clones were found among 198 transformants derived from individuals 39-103 years of age. Furthermore, conventional and nonparametric analysis of the respiratory rates of 356 clones revealed a very significant decrease with donor age. In other analyses, a very significant age-dependent decline in the mtDNA content of the clones was observed, without, however, any significant correlation with the decrease in O₂ consumption rate in the defective transformants. These observations clearly indicate the occurrence in the fibroblast-derived transformants of two independent, age-related functional alterations of mtDNA, presumably resulting from structural damage to this genome.

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