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Volume 271, Number 27, Issue of July 5, 1996 pp. 16317-16322
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

A Sustained Reduction in Ikappa B-beta May Contribute to Persistent NF-kappa B Activation in Human Endothelial Cells

(Received for publication, November 28, 1995, and in revised form, April 9, 1996)

David R. Johnson , Iris Douglas § , Andreas Jahnke , Sankar Ghosh § and Jordan S. Pober

From the Department of Pathology and the Molecular Cardiobiology Program, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine and the § Section of Immunobiology and the Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511

The responses of vascular endothelial cells (EC) to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), interleukin-1alpha (IL-1), and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) were compared with respect to the kinetics of (i) NF-kappa B activation, (ii) Ikappa B-alpha and Ikappa B-beta degradation, and (iii) NF-kappa B-dependent cell surface molecule expression. TNF rapidly (<= 20 min) and persistently (>20 h) activates NF-kappa B; IL-1 rapidly activates NF-kappa B, but activity declines by 3 h and further by 20 h; PMA slowly and transiently activates NF-kappa B. Untreated EC contain the inhibitory proteins Ikappa B-alpha and Ikappa B-beta . The onset of NF-kappa B activation correlates with degradation of Ikappa B-alpha , but Ikappa B-alpha reappears by 4 h without resequestration of NF-kappa B. TNF causes a rapid but partial (50%) reduction in Ikappa B-beta , which does not recover by 22 h; IL-1 and PMA cause slower and less sustained reductions in Ikappa B-beta . All three agonists induce de novo expression of E-selectin (CD62E) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD106) and increase expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (CD54) at 4 h. TNF induces sustained increases in vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and increases human leukocyte antigen class I molecules at 24 h. We conclude that TNF causes persistent activation of NF-kappa B in human EC and that this may result from sustained reductions in Ikappa B-beta levels.


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