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(Received for publication, December 18, 1995)
From the Transforming growth factor
Volume 271, Number 29,
Issue of July 19, 1996
pp. 17366-17371
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Type I
Receptor Contributes to the Malignancy of Human Colon Carcinoma
Cells
,
,
,
and
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio 43699, the
§ Department of Medicine and CWRU/Ireland Cancer Center, Case
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, the
¶ Department of Pharmacology, Duke University Medical
Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, and the
Department of
Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine,
Lexington, Kentucky 40536
(TGF
) type I (RI) and type II (RII) receptors are essential for
TGF
signal transduction. A human colon carcinoma cell line,
designated GEO, is marginally responsive to TGF
and expresses a low
level of RI mRNA relative to colon carcinoma cells, which are
highly responsive to TGF
. Hence, the role of RI as a limiting factor
for TGF
sensitivity and the contribution of low RI levels to the
malignant phenotype of GEO cells were examined. Stable transfection of
a tetracycline-regulatable rat RI cDNA increased
TGF
1 binding to RI and resulted in increased growth
inhibition by exogenous TGF
1. In contrast, although
stable transfection of an RII expression vector into the same GEO cells
increased TGF
1 binding to RII, growth inhibition by
exogenous TGF
1 was not altered. This indicated that the
low level of RI is a limiting factor for the growth-inhibitory effects
of TGF
in GEO cells. RI-transfected cells were growth-arrested at a
lower saturation density than GEO control cells. They also showed
reduced growth and clonogenicity in plating efficiency and soft agarose
assays, whereas RII-transfected cells did not show any differences from
the NEO control cells in these assays. Tetracycline repressed RI
expression in transfected cells and reversed the reduction in plating
efficiency of RI-transfected clones, confirming that growth effects
were due to increased RI expression in transfected cells.
TGF
1 neutralizing antibody stimulated the proliferation
of RI-transfected cells but had little effect on GEO control cells,
indicating that increased autocrine-negative TGF
activity also
resulted from increased RI expression. Tumorigenicity in athymic nude
mice was significantly delayed in RI-transfected cells. These results
indicate that low RI expression can be a limiting factor for response
to exogenous TGF
, as well as TGF
autocrine-negative activity, and
that reduction of RI expression can contribute to malignant
progression.
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