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Volume 271, Number 30, Issue of July 26, 1996 pp. 17635-17643
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Phenobarbital Induction of CYP1A1 Gene Expression in a Primary Culture of Rainbow Trout Hepatocytes

(Received for publication, March 1, 1995, and in revised form, February 23, 1996)

Marianne D. Sadar ^§ , Roger Ash ^§ , Johan Sundqvist , Per-Erik Olsson and Tommy B. Andersson

From the  Department of Zoophysiology, University of Göteborg, S 40031  Göteborg, Sweden, the ^§ Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, United Kingdom, and the  Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Astra Hässle AB, S 43183 Mölndal, Sweden

In mammals, phenobarbital (PB) is an in vivo inducer of the cytochrome P4502B (CYP2B) family, whereas in teleosts PB induction of cytochrome P450 is unclear. We show that teleost cytochrome P4502K1 (CYP2K1) protein levels and 7-pentoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity were not induced by exposure of primary cultures of rainbow trout hepatocytes to PB. Instead, cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) gene expression was strongly induced by PB, based upon observations of marked increases in CYP1A1 mRNA, CYP1A1 protein, and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity. In accordance with these data we provide a temporal study employing antibodies for the aromatic hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor that showed an increase in Ah receptor in nuclear extracts prepared from cells exposed to PB. Employment of the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed PB to cause activation or ``transformation'' of the Ah receptor in nuclear extracts. Studies employing actinomycin D and cycloheximide indicated that PB induction of CYP1A1 was regulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Nuclear run-off experiments confirm that PB causes an increase in CYP1A1 transcription. Inhibition of protein synthesis led to the superinduction of CYP1A1 mRNA, suggesting the regulation of teleost CYP1A1 may involve a labile repressor protein. These findings suggest that PB induction of the CYP1A1 gene involves the Ah receptor and is via transcriptional activation.

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