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(Received for publication, March 28, 1996, and in revised form, May 31, 1996)
From the Transcription of genes encoding nicotinic
acetylcholine receptor (AChR) subunits (
Volume 271, Number 33,
Issue of August 16, 1996
pp. 19752-19759
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
,
Department of Pharmacology, University of
Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 and
the § Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
,
,
or
, and
)
is highest in nuclei localized to the synaptic region of the muscle,
which contributes to maintain a high density of AChRs at the
postjunctional membrane. ARIA (AChR inducing
activity) is believed to be the trophic factor utilized by
motor neurons to stimulate AChR synthesis in the subsynaptic area. To
elucidate the signaling mechanism initiated by ARIA, we established
stable C2C12 cell lines carrying the nuclear lacZ gene
under the control of the mouse
subunit promoter or chicken
subunit promoter. ARIA stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of erbB
proteins in these C2C12 cells within 15 s with a peak at 5 min.
Immediately following tyrosine phosphorylation of erbB proteins,
mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase was activated which occurred
within 30 s and peaked at 8 min after ARIA stimulation.
Concomitantly, expression of AChR genes was induced by ARIA.
ARIA-induced AChR subunit transgene expression was observed only in
differentiated myotubes and not in myoblasts, suggesting that
downstream signaling component(s) are regulated in a manner dependent
on the myogenic program. Inhibition of the MAP kinase activity by using
a specific MAP kinase kinase inhibitor or by overexpressing dominant
negative mutants of Raf or MAP kinase kinase attenuated or abolished
the ARIA-induced activation of AChR
and
subunit gene
expression. These results indicate that regulation of AChR gene
expression by ARIA in C2C12 cells requires activation of the MAP kinase
signaling pathway.
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