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Volume 271, Number 35, Issue of August 30, 1996 pp. 20993-20996
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

COMMUNICATION:
Homeodomain Interaction with the beta  Subunit of the General Transcription Factor TFIIE

(Received for publication, June 7, 1996, and in revised form, June 27, 1996)

Aihua Zhu and Michael A. Kuziora

From the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, A234 Langley Hall, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260

Homeodomain-containing proteins play a crucial role as transcriptional regulators in the process of cell differentiation. The homeodomain performs a dual function in this regard, acting as a DNA binding domain and participating in protein-protein interactions that enhance DNA binding specificity or regulatory activity. Here we describe a homeodomain class-specific interaction with the beta  subunit of the general transcription factor TFIIE. We show that the Antennapedia and Abdominal-B homeodomains bind to TFIIEbeta , but the even-skipped homeodomain does not. Using a two-hybrid assay performed in cultured cells, we demonstrate that the homeodomain-TFIIEbeta interaction occurs in vivo. The Abdominal-B homeodomain is shown to activate transcription in vitro, and this activation can be blocked with anti-TFIIEbeta antibody without affecting basal transcription levels. Together with published data demonstrating an interaction between proteins containing even-skipped class homeodomains and the TATA-binding protein (Um, M., Li, C., and Manley, J. L. (1995) Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 5007-5016; Zhang, H., Catron, K. M., and Abate-Shen, C. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 93, 1764-1769), these results suggest various homeodomain containing proteins interact with different general transcription factors, an observation that may have important implications for transcriptional regulation.


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