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Volume 271, Number 35, Issue of August 30, 1996 pp. 21681-21686
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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The aurea and yellow-green-2 Mutants of Tomato Are Deficient in Phytochrome Chromophore Synthesis

(Received for publication, April 17, 1996, and in revised form, May 23, 1996)

Matthew J. Terry ^§ and Richard E. Kendrick

From the  Laboratory for Photoperception and Signal Transduction, Frontier Research Program, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama, 351-01, Japan and the ^§ Department of Biology, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, United Kingdom

The phytochrome-deficient aurea mutant of tomato has been widely used for the study of both phytochrome function and the role of other photoreceptors in the control of development in higher plants. To date the exact nature of the aurea mutation has remained unknown, though this information is clearly important for the interpretation of these studies. It has been proposed that aurea and yellow-green-2, another mutant of tomato that has a similar phenotype to aurea, could be deficient in phytochrome chromophore synthesis. We have examined this hypothesis by measuring the activity of the enzymes committed to phytochrome chromophore synthesis in these mutants. The approach takes advantage of a recently developed high pressure liquid chromatography-based assay for the synthesis of the free phytochrome chromophore, phytochromobilin from its immediate precursors biliverdin IX and heme. Isolated etioplasts from aurea and yellow-green-2 seedlings were specifically unable to convert biliverdin IX to 3Z-phytochromobilin and heme to biliverdin IX, respectively. In addition, the level of total noncovalently bound heme in the mutants was the same as in wild type seedlings. Together, these results identify both aurea and yellow-green-2 as mutants that are deficient in phytochrome chromophore synthesis.

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