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(Received for publication, May 2, 1996, and in revised form, June 24, 1996)
From the Program in Molecular Medicine and Department of Cell
Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School,
Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
The proto-oncogene c-Cbl was originally
identified as a cellular homologue of the transforming protein
expressed by the murine Cas NS-1 retrovirus. The full-length c-Cbl
protein is a predominantly cytoplasmic protein, abundant in lymphoid
cells, and potentially involved in signal transduction in several cell
types. The specific signal transduction pathways in which c-Cbl
participates, and its precise role in these pathways, are unclear.
Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that c-Cbl is the
predominant tyrosine-phosphorylated protein bound to the p85 subunit of
phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase on T lymphocyte and B lymphocyte
activation. To further understand the properties of c-Cbl and the
significance of its interactions with PI 3-kinase, we have further
studied the cellular biological and biochemical responses of c-Cbl to
stimulation in lymphoid cells. We show that stimulation induces the
association of a highly tyrosine-phosphorylated pool of c-Cbl with
lymphocyte membranes and with a detergent-insoluble particulate
fraction. Immunoprecipitation of c-Cbl from subcellular fractions
reveals that p85 is predominantly associated with the c-Cbl pool
recovered from the membrane fraction, despite the fact that this pool
represents a small amount of total cellular c-Cbl. The formation of
c-Cbl·PI 3-kinase complexes on lymphocyte membranes did not depend on
the catalytic activity of PI 3-kinase since it was unaltered by the
treatment of cells with wortmannin prior to stimulation. Interestingly,
c-Cbl tyrosine phosphorylation and the formation of c-Cbl·PI 3-kinase
complexes were also observed in a mutant Jurkat cell line, JCaM1.6,
lacking p56lck expression. Because p56lck is critical
for mitogenic signal transduction in response to T cell receptor
activation, our results suggest that the activation of c-Cbl and the
formation of c-Cbl·PI 3-kinase complexes occur upstream or
independently of mitogenic signal transduction pathways in T cells.
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