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(Received for publication, April 15, 1996, and in revised form, May 29, 1996)
From the Center for Molecular Biology Heidelberg (ZMBH), University
of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany,
the The
Volume 271, Number 37,
Issue of September 13, 1996
pp. 22908-22914
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
A4 Peptides in Human
Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood by a Newly Developed Sensitive
Western Blot Assay
,
,
Psychiatric Clinic, University of Heidelberg,
Voßtrasse 2, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany, the § Central
Institute of Mental Health (ZISG), J5, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany, and
the ¶ Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne,
Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
A4 peptide, a major component of senile
plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain, has been found in
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood of both AD patients and normal
subjects. Although A4 1-40 is the major form produced by cell
metabolism and found in CSF, recent observations suggest that the
long-tailed A4 1-42 plays a more crucial role in AD pathogenesis.
Here, we established new monoclonal antibodies against the C-terminal
end of A4 1-40 and 1-42, and used them for the specific Western
blot detection. After optimizing the assay conditions, these antibodies
detected low picogram amount of A4, and both A4 1-40 and 1-42
levels in CSF could be determined by direct loading of the samples.
Blood levels of A4 1-40 and 1-42 were also determined by specific
immunoprecipitation followed by Western blot detection. We found that
CSF A4 1-42 level is lower in AD patients compared with
non-demented controls, although there was a significant overlap between
the groups. The level of A4 1-40 in CSF, and of A4 1-40 as well
as A4 1-42 in plasma, were not different between AD patients and
controls. Besides the 4-kDa full-length A4 band, we could also
detect several N-terminal variants of A4 in CSF and plasma of both
AD patients and controls. Two N-terminally truncated A4 species
migrating at the position of 3.3 and 3.7 kDa were found in CSF, while
3.7- and 5-kDa forms were found in plasma. The relative abundance of
these various species were considerably different in the CSF and
plasma, suggesting that the cellular source and/or clearance of A4
is different in these two compartments.
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S. F. Lichtenthaler, R. Wang, H. Grimm, S. N. Uljon, C. L. Masters, and K. Beyreuther Mechanism of the cleavage specificity of Alzheimer's disease gamma -secretase identified by phenylalanine-scanning mutagenesis of the transmembrane domain of the amyloid precursor protein PNAS, March 16, 1999; 96(6): 3053 - 3058. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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