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Volume 271, Number 38,
Issue of September 20, 1996
pp. 23096-23104
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Different DNA Elements Can Modulate the Conformation of Thyroid
Hormone Receptor Heterodimer and Its Transcriptional Activity
(Received for publication, April 4, 1996, and in revised form, June 3, 1996)
Masato
Ikeda
,
Elizabeth C.
Wilcox
and
William W.
Chin
From the Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and
Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School,
Boston, Massachusetts 02115
Thyroid-hormone receptors (TRs) form heterodimers
with retinoid-X receptors (RXRs) on thyroid-hormone-response elements
(TREs). However, it is not known whether the formation of liganded
TR/RXR heterodimer on a TRE alone is sufficient to dictate
transcriptional activity. We designed several mutated DR4s (half-sites
arranged as direct repeats with a nucleotide gap of 4) that bound
TR/RXR heterodimers preferentially, and employed them to characterize
functional and biochemical properties of the heterodimers on DNA.
Although TR/RXR heterodimer binding was similar on some of the mutated
DR4s, transient transfection assays showed that TR failed to support
triiodothyronine (T3)-stimulated transcription on
``inactive'' DR4s but mediated basal repression on both ``active''
and inactive mutated DR4. T3 binding assays showed that the
mutated DR4s did not affect T3 binding to the heterodimer.
Finally, partial proteolysis studies revealed that binding of active
DR4 elements and T3 to the heterodimer synergistically
enhanced heterodimerization-induced protease resistance of TR, but not
RXR, in the heterodimer. These results suggest that: 1) liganded TR/RXR
heterodimer binding to a DR4 is not sufficient for transcriptional
activation of the target gene, and 2) DNA sequences in specific TREs
may modify T3-mediated transcription by affecting the
conformation of the liganded heterodimer.

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Copyright © 1996 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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