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Volume 271, Number 41, Issue of October 11, 1996 pp. 25338-25344
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Mechanisms for the Transport of ,-Dicarboxylates through the Mitochondrial Inner Membrane

(Received for publication, June 4, 1996, and in revised form, July 24, 1996)

From the Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio 43699-0008

,-Dicarboxylates have antibacterial properties, have been used in the treatment of hyperpigmentary disorders, are active against various melanoma cell lines, and can also undergo -oxidation. Little, however, is known about their transport. In this paper, we examine the mitochondrial transport of ,-dicarboxylates ranging from oxalate (DC2) to sebacate (DC10). DC2-DC10 are transported by the inner membrane anion channel (IMAC). DC6-DC10 are also transported by an electroneutral mechanism that appears to reflect transport of the acid through the lipid bilayer. At 37 °C and pH 7.0, DC10 is transported very rapidly at 3 µmol/min·mg, and respiring mitochondria swell in the K⁺ salts of these acids. This transport mechanism is probably the major pathway by which the longer dicarboxylates enter cells, bacteria, and mitochondria. We also demonstrate that DC5-DC10 can also be transported by an electroneutral mechanism mediated by tributyltin, a potent inhibitor of IMAC. The mechanism appears to involve electroneutral exchange of a TBT-dicarboxylate-H complex for TBT-OH. Finally, we present evidence that of all the dicarboxylates tested only DC2-DC4 can be transported by the classical dicarboxylate carrier.

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