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(Received for publication, January 17, 1996, and in revised form, July 23, 1996)
From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri,
Columbia, Missouri 65212
We have investigated the reduction/oxidation
(redox) regulation of the heteromeric transcription factor GA-binding
protein (GABP). GABP, also known as nuclear respiratory factor 2, regulates the expression of nuclear encoded mitochondrial proteins
involved in oxidative phosphorylation, including cytochrome
c oxidase subunits IV and Vb, as well as the expression of
mitochondrial transcription factor 1. GABP is composed of two subunits,
the Ets-related GABP-
Volume 271, Number 41,
Issue of October 11, 1996
pp. 25617-25623
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
DNA Binding
Activity
, which mediates specific DNA binding, and
GABP-
, which forms heterodimers and heterotetramers on DNA sequences
containing the PEA3/Ets motif ((C/A)GGA(A/T)(G/A)). We demonstrate here
that GABP DNA binding activity and GABP-dependent gene
expression in 3T3 cells are inhibited by pro-oxidant conditions. DNA
binding of recombinant GABP-
was activated by chemical
reduction (dithiothreitol) and by thioredoxin; however, GSSG
inhibited GABP DNA binding activity. Treatment of GABP-
, but not
GABP-
1, with sulfhydryl-alkylating agents also inhibited
GABP DNA binding activity. Our results suggest that GABP DNA binding
activity is redox-regulated in vivo, possibly by
thioredoxin-mediated reduction and by GSSG-mediated oxidation of the
GABP-
subunit. The regulation of GABP (nuclear respiratory factor 2)
DNA binding activity by cellular redox changes provides an important
link between mitochondrial and nuclear gene expression and the redox
state of the cell.
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