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Volume 271, Number 43, Issue of October 25, 1996 pp. 27049-27055
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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The Catalytic Domain of Acanthamoeba Myosin I Heavy Chain Kinase
I. IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION FOLLOWING TRYPTIC CLEAVAGE OF THE NATIVE ENZYME

(Received for publication, July 3, 1996, and in revised form, August 16, 1996)

Hanna Brzeska , Brian M. Martin and Edward D. Korn

From the Laboratory of Cell Biology, NHLBI and the  Clinical Neuroscience Branch, NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892

The actin-activated Mg²⁺-ATPase activities of the myosin I isoenzymes from Acanthamoeba castellanii are greatly increased by phosphorylation catalyzed by myosin I heavy chain kinase (MIHC kinase), a monomeric 97-kDa protein whose activity is greatly enhanced by acidic phospholipids and by autophosphorylation of multiple sites. In this paper, we show that the 35-kDa COOH-terminal fragment obtained by trypsin cleavage of maximally activated, autophosphorylated kinase retains the full activity and two to three of the autophosphorylation sites of the native enzyme. Other autophosphorylation sites occur in the middle third of the native enzyme. A trypsin cleavage site within the 35-kDa region is protected in phosphorylated kinase but is readily cleaved in unphosphorylated kinase producing catalytically inactive 25- and 11-kDa fragments from the NH₂- and COOH-terminal ends, respectively, of the 35-kDa peptide. This implies that the conformation around the ``25/11'' cleavage site changes upon phosphorylation of the native enzyme. The position of this site corresponds to the activation loop of protein kinase A (see the accompanying paper: Brzeska, H., Szczepanowska, J., Hoey, J., and Korn, E. D. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 27056-27062). Exogenously added MIHC kinase phosphorylates the 11-kDa fragment, but not the 25-kDa fragment, indicating that the phosphorylation sites of the 35-kDa catalytic fragment are located within the COOH-terminal 11 kDa. The accompanying paper describes the cloning, sequencing, and expression of a fully active 35-kDa catalytic domain.

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