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(Received for publication, June 5, 1996, and in revised form, July 19, 1996)
From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa,
Iowa City, Iowa 52242
The entry of RNA polymerase II into a productive
mode of elongation is controlled, in part, by the postinitiation
activity of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb)
(Marshall, N. F., and Price, D. H. (1995) J. Biol. Chem.
270, 12335-12338). We report here that removal of the
carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase
II abolishes productive elongation. Correspondingly, we found that
P-TEFb can phosphorylate the CTD of pure RNA polymerase II.
Furthermore, P-TEFb can phosphorylate the CTD of RNA polymerase II when
the polymerase is in an early elongation complex. Both the function and
kinase activity of P-TEFb are blocked by the drugs
5,6-dichloro-1-
Volume 271, Number 43,
Issue of October 25, 1996
pp. 27176-27183
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB) and
H-8. P-TEFb is distinct from transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) because
the two factors have no subunits in common, P-TEFb is more sensitive to
DRB than is TFIIH, and most importantly, TFIIH cannot substitute
functionally for P-TEFb. We propose that phosphorylation of the CTD by
P-TEFb controls the transition from abortive into productive elongation
mode.
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H. L. Jenkins and C. A. Spencer RNA Polymerase II Holoenzyme Modifications Accompany Transcription Reprogramming in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Cells J. Virol., October 15, 2001; 75(20): 9872 - 9884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. Ljungman and M. T. Paulsen The Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Roscovitine Inhibits RNA Synthesis and Triggers Nuclear Accumulation of p53 That Is Unmodified at Ser15 and Lys382 Mol. Pharmacol., October 1, 2001; 60(4): 785 - 789. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. L. Lindstrom and G. A. Hartzog Genetic Interactions of Spt4-Spt5 and TFIIS With the RNA Polymerase II CTD and CTD Modifying Enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Genetics, October 1, 2001; 159(2): 487 - 497. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Licciardo, L. Ruggiero, L. Lania, and B. Majello Transcription activation by targeted recruitment of the RNA polymerase II CTD phosphatase FCP1 Nucleic Acids Res., September 1, 2001; 29(17): 3539 - 3545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Murray, R. Udupa, S. Yao, G. Hartzog, and G. Prelich Phosphorylation of the RNA Polymerase II Carboxy-Terminal Domain by the Bur1 Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Mol. Cell. Biol., July 1, 2001; 21(13): 4089 - 4096. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. De Luca, A. Tosolini, P. Russo, A. Severino, A. Baldi, L. De Luca, I. Cavallotti, F. Baldi, A. Giordano, J. R. Testa, et al. Cyclin T2A Gene Maps on Human Chromosome 2q21 J. Histochem. Cytochem., June 1, 2001; 49(6): 693 - 698. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S.-H. Chao, A. L. Greenleaf, and D. H. Price Juglone, an inhibitor of the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1, also directly blocks transcription Nucleic Acids Res., February 1, 2001; 29(3): 767 - 773. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. M. Foskett, R. Ghose, D. N. Tang, D. E. Lewis, and A. P. Rice Antiapoptotic Function of Cdk9 (TAK/P-TEFb) in U937 Promonocytic Cells J. Virol., February 1, 2001; 75(3): 1220 - 1228. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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 C. Herrmann and M. Mancini The Cdk9 and cyclin T subunits of TAK/P-TEFb localize to splicing factor-rich nuclear speckle regions J. Cell Sci., January 4, 2001; 114(8): 1491 - 1503. [Abstract] [PDF]
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M. E. Garber, T. P. Mayall, E. M. Suess, J. Meisenhelder, N. E. Thompson, and K. A. Jones CDK9 Autophosphorylation Regulates High-Affinity Binding of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat-P-TEFb Complex to TAR RNA Mol. Cell. Biol., September 15, 2000; 20(18): 6958 - 6969. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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Y. W. Fong and Q. Zhou Relief of Two Built-In Autoinhibitory Mechanisms in P-TEFb Is Required for Assembly of a Multicomponent Transcription Elongation Complex at the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Promoter Mol. Cell. Biol., August 15, 2000; 20(16): 5897 - 5907. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. M. Carty, A. C. Goldstrohm, C. Suñé, M. A. Garcia-Blanco, and A. L. Greenleaf Protein-interaction modules that organize nuclear function: FF domains of CA150 bind the phosphoCTD of RNA polymerase II PNAS, July 19, 2000; (2000) 160266597. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. Zhou, M. A. Halanski, M. F. Radonovich, F. Kashanchi, J. Peng, D. H. Price, and J. N. Brady Tat Modifies the Activity of CDK9 To Phosphorylate Serine 5 of the RNA Polymerase II Carboxyl-Terminal Domain during Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transcription Mol. Cell. Biol., July 15, 2000; 20(14): 5077 - 5086. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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J. W. Steinke, S. J. Kopytek, and D. O. Peterson Discrete promoter elements affect specific properties of RNA polymerase II transcription complexes Nucleic Acids Res., July 15, 2000; 28(14): 2726 - 2735. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. N. Szentirmay and M. Sawadogo SURVEY AND SUMMARY: Spatial organization of RNA polymerase II transcription in the nucleus Nucleic Acids Res., May 15, 2000; 28(10): 2019 - 2025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. L. Lehman and M. E. Dahmus The Sensitivity of RNA Polymerase II in Elongation Complexes to C-terminal Domain Phosphatase J. Biol. Chem., May 12, 2000; 275(20): 14923 - 14932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Ivanov, Y. T. Kwak, J. Guo, and R. B. Gaynor Domains in the SPT5 Protein That Modulate Its Transcriptional Regulatory Properties Mol. Cell. Biol., May 1, 2000; 20(9): 2970 - 2983. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. H. Price P-TEFb, a Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Controlling Elongation by RNA Polymerase II Mol. Cell. Biol., April 15, 2000; 20(8): 2629 - 2634. [Full Text]
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H. Tang, Y. Liu, L. Madabusi, and D. S. Gilmour Promoter-Proximal Pausing on the hsp70 Promoter in Drosophila melanogaster Depends on the Upstream Regulator Mol. Cell. Biol., April 1, 2000; 20(7): 2569 - 2580. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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J. T. Lis, P. Mason, J. Peng, D. H. Price, and J. Werner P-TEFb kinase recruitment and function at heat shock loci Genes & Dev., April 1, 2000; 14(7): 792 - 803. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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