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(Received for publication, August 5, 1996)
From the Departments of Topoisomerase II is the target for several highly
active anticancer drugs that induce cell death by enhancing
enzyme-mediated DNA scission. Although these agents dramatically
increase levels of nucleic acid cleavage in a site-specific fashion,
little is understood regarding the mechanism by which they alter the
DNA site selectivity of topoisomerase II. Therefore, a series of
kinetic and binding experiments were carried out to determine the
mechanistic basis by which the anticancer drug, etoposide, enhances
cleavage complex formation at 22 specific nucleic acid sequences. In
general, maximal levels of DNA scission (i.e.
Cmax) varied over a considerably larger range than
did the apparent affinity of etoposide (i.e. Km)
for these sites, and there was no correlation between these two kinetic
parameters. Furthermore, enzyme·drug binding and order of addition
experiments indicated that etoposide and topoisomerase II form a
kinetically competent complex in the absence of DNA. These
findings suggest that etoposide· topoisomerase II (rather than
etoposide·DNA) interactions mediate cleavage complex formation.
Finally, rates of religation at specific sites correlated inversely
with Cmax values, indicating that maximal
levels of etoposide-induced scission reflect the ability of the drug to inhibit religation at specific sequences rather than the affinity of
the drug for site-specific enzyme-DNA complexes.
Volume 271, Number 46,
Issue of November 15, 1996
pp. 29238-29244
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
,
,
,
,

Biochemistry and

Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of
Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, the
Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, and the ** Department of Biological
Chemistry, University of Maryland School of Medicine,
Baltimore, Maryland 21201-1503
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