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Volume 271, Number 48, Issue of November 29, 1996 pp. 30692-30698
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Differentiation of F9 Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells to Primitive Endoderm Is Regulated by the Gialpha 2/Gsalpha Axis via Phospholipase C and Not Adenylylcyclase

(Received for publication, July 19, 1996, and in revised form, September 10, 1996)

Ping Gao and Craig C. Malbon

From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine-HSC, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651

Morphogen-induced decline in Gialpha triggers F9 teratocarcinoma stem cells to progress to primitive endoderm via activation of protein kinase C and mitogen-activated protein kinase (Gao, P., and Malbon, C. C. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 9002-9008). Constitutive expression of Gialpha 2 blocks, whereas expression of Gsalpha provokes, progression to primitive endoderm, permitting identification of the effectors of the response-utilizing chimera created between Gialpha 2 and Gsalpha . N-terminal substitution of Gsalpha with Gialpha 2 sequence to create chimera Gialpha 2 (1-54)/Gsalpha produced a chimera that activated adenylylcyclase but abolished progression to primitive endoderm and activation of phospholipase C. C-terminal substitution of Gsalpha with Gialpha 2 sequence to Gsalpha /Gialpha 2 (320-355) enhanced the ability of Gsalpha to promote progression. The Q205L-activated mutant of Gialpha 2 suppresses, whereas the G225T-activated mutant of Gsalpha strongly activates phospholipase C and progression in these cells. The N-terminal region of Gsalpha (residues 62-86) appears to act as a dominant switch for the Gsalpha - (activation) versus Gialpha 2- (suppression) mediated control of phospholipase C and progression to primitive endoderm.


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