JBC INTERFERin siRNA transfection reagent

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Volume 271, Number 51, Issue of December 20, 1996 pp. 32900-32906
©1996 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Maize Chromosomal HMGc
TWO CLOSELY RELATED STRUCTURE-SPECIFIC DNA-BINDING PROTEINS SPECIFY A SECOND TYPE OF PLANT HIGH MOBILITY GROUP BOX PROTEIN

(Received for publication, August 8, 1996)

Klaus D. Grasser , Rudi Grimm § and Christoph Ritt

From the Institut für Biologie III, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, and § Hewlett Packard GmbH, Hewlett Packardstrasse 8, D-76337 Waldbronn, Federal Republic of Germany

The chromosomal high mobility group (HMG) proteins are small and abundant non-histone proteins common to eukaryotes. We have purified the maize HMGc protein from immature kernels and characterized it by mass spectrometry and amino acid sequence analysis. HMGc could be resolved into two similar proteins by reversed phase chromatography. Cloning and characterization of the corresponding cDNAs revealed that they encode two closely related maize HMGc proteins, now termed HMGc1 and HMGc2. Their theoretical masses of 15,316 and 15,007 Da are >300 Da lower than the masses determined for the proteins purified from maize, indicating post-translational modifications of the proteins. Despite sequence similarity to maize HMGa (and previously described homologous proteins of other species) amino acid sequence alignments reveal that HMGc is in several conserved regions distinct from these proteins. Consequently, we have identified a novel type of plant protein containing an HMG box DNA binding domain and belonging to the HMG1 protein family. HMGc1 and HMGc2 were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified to homogeneity, and analyzed for their DNA binding properties. They proved to bind to DNA structure-specifically since they formed complexes with DNA minicircles at concentrations ~100-fold lower than the concentrations required to form complexes with linear fragments of identical sequence. Furthermore, HMGc1 and HMGc2 can constrain negative superhelical turns in plasmid DNA.


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