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(Received for publication, October 22, 1996, and in revised form, December 19, 1996)
From the Glycobiology and Neurobiology Programs, La Jolla Cancer
Research Center, The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 and PST and STX are polysialyltransferases that form
polysialic acid in the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), although
it is not known why these two polysialyltransferases exist. In the present study, we have first isolated cDNA encoding human STX, which includes 5
Volume 272, Number 11,
Issue of March 14, 1997
pp. 7182-7190
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
TISSUE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION, NEURITE OUTGROWTH, AND CHROMOSOMAL
LOCALIZATION IN COMPARISON WITH ANOTHER POLYSIALYLTRANSFERASE,
PST
,
Central Clinical Laboratories, Shinshu University
Hospital, Matsumoto 390, Japan
-untranslated sequence. Northern blot analysis, using
this cDNA and PST cDNA previously isolated by us, demonstrated that PST and STX are expressed in different fetal and adult tissues. STX is primarily expressed in embryonic tissues, but only modestly in
adult heart, brain, and thymus. PST, on the other hand, is continuously
expressed in adult heart, brain, thymus, spleen, small and large
intestines, and peripheral blood leukocytes. In various parts of adult
brain, the relative amount of PST and STX appears to be substantially
different depending on the regions. The analysis by in situ
hybridization of mouse adult brain, however, suggests that polysialic
acid in the hippocampal formation is synthesized by both STX and PST.
HeLa cells doubly transfected with the isolated STX cDNA and N-CAM
cDNA supported neurite outgrowth much better than HeLa cells
expressing N-CAM alone. However, polysialic acid synthesized by PST
appears to be a better substratum than that synthesized by STX.
Moreover, the genes for PST and STX were found to reside at chromosome
5, band p21 and chromosome 15, band q26, respectively. These results,
taken together, strongly suggest that PST and STX are expressed
distinctly in tissue-specific and cell-specific manners and that they
apparently have distinct roles in development and organogenesis.
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